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Jenny Weleminsky

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Jenny Weleminsky
Born
Jenny Elbogen

(1882-06-12)12 June 1882
Schloss Thalheim, Lower Austria
Died4 February 1957(1957-02-04) (aged 74)
London, England
NationalityAustrian
Occupation(s)Esperantist and translator
Known forTranslations of works by Franz Grillparzer and other Austrian writers
MovementBudapeŝto skolo, the Budapest school of Esperanto literature
SpouseFriedrich ("Fritz") Weleminsky
ChildrenThree daughters and one son: Marianne; Anton; Eliesabeth (Jardenah); Dorothea (Leah)
Parent(s)Guido Elbogen and Rosalie Schwabacher
Portrait picture of Jenny Weleminsky and her husband Friedrich c. 1905–1910
Schloss Thalheim, Kapelln
Schloss Thalheim under renovation in 2013
Jenny Weleminsky much admired Franz Grillparzer (1791–1872) – pictured here in an 1841 lithograph by Josef Kriehuber – who was regarded as the national poet of Austria.

Jenny Weleminsky (née Elbogen; 12 June 1882 – 4 February 1957)[1][2] was a German-speaking Esperantist and translator who was born in Thalheim, Lower Austria[3] and brought up there and in Vienna. Some of her translations of works by Franz Grillparzer and other notable Austrian writers were published in the literary magazine Literatura Mondo (Literary World), which became home to an influential group of authors collectively known as Budapeŝto skolo, the Budapest school of Esperanto literature.[4]

Early life and education

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Jenny Elbogen was born into a Jewish family on 12 June 1882 at Schloss Thalheim,[note 1] Lower Austria, the youngest child of Guido Elbogen (1845, Jungbrunzlau – 1918, Schloss Thalheim) who became President of the Anglo-Austrian Bank in Vienna,[5][6] and his wife Rosalie (Ali) (née Schwabacher; 1850, Paris – 1940, Sartrouville, Île-de-France),[7] whom he married in 1868 in Paris. She had two sisters (Antoinette (1871–1901) and Helene (1878–1882), who died in infancy); and a brother (Heinrich, also known as Henri; 1872–1927).[2]

Jenny Elbogen was educated at home by a Miss Allen, a governess from Devon, England. She became sufficiently fluent in English to translate Axel Munthe's memoir The Story of San Michele from English to Esperanto for publication in 1935.[8]

Political views

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Politically she had very determinate and fixed views, many inherited from her father. Jenny Elbogen was an ardent Habsburg monarchist and wished to see the Habsburg heir, Otto von Habsburg, restored to the Austrian throne after the Second World War. However, she was also an internationalist, as demonstrated by her enthusiasm for Esperanto. She opposed the Zionist movement's call for the establishment of a homeland for the Jewish people and ceased all contact with two of her daughters after they left Austria to live in Mandatory Palestine.

Her father Guido Elbogen had donated money towards the construction of a new synagogue (built in 1913) in Sankt Pölten.[9]

Marriage and family life

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After Guido Elbogen died in 1918 Jenny inherited Schloss Thalheim; her father had bought it in 1882 just before she was born.[10] She lived there and in Prague[8] (which until 1918 was part of Austria-Hungary) with her husband Friedrich ("Fritz") Weleminsky[2] (1868, Golčův Jeníkov – 1945, London); they married at Schloss Thalheim on 4 December 1905. He was a lecturer in Hygiene (now called Microbiology) at the German University, Prague[3] and developed tuberculomucin Weleminsky, a treatment for tuberculosis.[11] The couple ran Schloss Thalheim as model dairy farm.

Facing Nazi persecution for being Jewish, they found sanctuary in 1939 in the United Kingdom[3][12] where she continued to translate books into Esperanto, wrote poetry and taught English to other refugees.[12]

After the Second World War and the death of her husband, Jenny Weleminsky spent several years in Vienna, returning eventually to London, where she died of breast cancer on 4 February 1957, aged 74.[2]

She and her husband had four children together. Two of their daughters emigrated in the early 1930s to Mandatory Palestine where they took new names – Eliesabeth (born 1909) became Jardenah, and Dorothea (born 1912) was known as Leah. Their eldest daughter, Marianne (born 1906), and their son, Anton[note 2] (born 1908), moved to Britain just before the Second World War.

Publications

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Translations from German

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Novel

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  • Alexander Roda Roda, translated by Jenny Weleminsky (1936). "La ŝtona gasto" (PDF). Literatura Mondo: 91–95.[13][14]

Play

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Poetry

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  • Franz Grillparzer, translated by Jenny Weleminsky. Poemoj de Grillparzer (Poems of Grillparzer)
  • Franz Grillparzer, translated by Jenny Weleminsky. "La ora felo: drama poemo en tri partoj"
  • Franz Grillparzer, translated by Jenny Weleminsky. "La praavino: kvinakta tragedio", Vienna
  • Franz Grillparzer, translated by Jenny Weleminsky. "La sonĝo kiel vivo: drama fabelo en kvar aktoj", Vienna
  • Franz Grillparzer, translated by Jenny Weleminsky. "Hanibalo: fragmento el nefinita dramo", Vienna
  • Franz Grillparzer: "Respondo", translated by Jenny Weleminsky (1936). "Austriaj Poetoj" (PDF). Literatura Mondo: 94.[13]
  • Anastasius Grün: "La epitafo", translated by Jenny Weleminsky (1936). "Austriaj Poetoj" (PDF). Literatura Mondo: 94.[13]
  • Friedrich Halm: "Kio estas amo?", translated by Jenny Weleminsky (1936). "Austriaj Poetoj" (PDF). Literatura Mondo: 94.[13]
  • Johann Gabriel Seidl: "La majstro kaj lia verko", translated by Jenny Weleminsky (1936). "Austriaj Poetoj" (PDF). Literatura Mondo: 94.[13]

Translations from English

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Novel

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Notes

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  1. ^ Schloss Thalheim is in the village of Thalheim (Kapelln), today a part of Kapelln, Sankt Pölten-Land District; See de:Liste der denkmalgeschützten Objekte in Kapelln#Denkmäler, Jakob Prandtauer. After restoration it reopened in 2016 as a luxury hotel.
  2. ^ Anton was referred to as "Antonin" in official Czech documents.

References

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  1. ^ "Archival material relating to Name: Jenny Weleminsky . Year of birth: 1882 . Case paper number: 6122B". UK National Archives. Retrieved 25 February 2024. Reference: HO 294/558/6122B.
  2. ^ a b c d Fürth, Thomas (18 February 2015). "Jenny Welleminsky (Elbogen) (1882–1957)". Geni.com.
  3. ^ a b c Reeves, Carole (4 April 2012). "Tuberculomucin – a forgotten treatment for tuberculosis". Carole Reeves. Retrieved 6 May 2024.
  4. ^ Sutton, Geoffrey (2008). Concise Encyclopedia of the Original Literature of Esperanto: 1887–2007. New York: Mondial. p. 11. ISBN 978-1-59569-090-6.
  5. ^ Kanner, Siegmund (1898). Das Lotto in Österreich. Ein Beitrag zur Finanzgeschictite Österreichs (The Lotto in Austria, a contribution to the financial history of Austria). Strasbourg: Kaiser Wilhelm University of Strasbourg. p. 86. 10.4 Guido Elbogen.
  6. ^ Nagel, Bernhard; Nautz, Jürgen P (1999). Nationale Konflikte und monetäre Einheit: ein Plädoyer für die Währungsunion (in German). Vienna: Passagen Verlag. p. 92.
  7. ^ Fürth, Thomas (22 February 2015). "Rosalie Elbogen (Schwabacher)". Geni.com.
  8. ^ a b Munthe, Axel (1935). Romano de San Michele. Translated from the original English text by Jenny Weleminsky. Budapest (Association of Esperanto Book Friends (AELA)): Eldonis: Literatura Mondo.
  9. ^ "New synagogue: Donation list of the Temple-Construction-Association". St Polten, Lower Austria: Memorbuch: Juden in St Polten. Archived from the original on 31 August 2017. Retrieved 31 August 2017.
  10. ^ "Thalheim". Burgen-Austria.com ("Castles in Austria"). 17 September 2005. Retrieved 28 August 2017.
  11. ^ Zemmin, H; Wille, K (October 1926). "Beitrag zur Tuberkulosetherapie mit Tuberculomucin (Contribution to tuberculosis therapy with tuberculomucin)". Beiträge zur Klinik der Tuberkulose und Spezifischen Tuberkulose-Forschung (Contributions to Clinical Tuberculosis and Tuberculosis – Specific Research). 64 (5–6): 679–682. doi:10.1007/BF02093958. ISSN 0341-2040. S2CID 841950.
  12. ^ a b Jones, Charlotte (July 2011). "My grandfather: A kind and modest man" (PDF). AJR Journal. 11 (7): 5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 March 2016.
  13. ^ a b c d e Meszaros, Istvan. "Enhavlisto de Literatura Mondo" (PDF). egalite.hu. p. 51. Retrieved 6 January 2018.
  14. ^ Meszaros, Istvan. "Enhavlisto de Literatura Mondo" (PDF). egalite.hu. p. 50. Retrieved 25 August 2017.
  15. ^ Munthe, Axel (1935). "Axel Munthe: Romano de San Michele el la Angla originalo tradukis: Jenny Weleminsky". Google Books. Retrieved 19 January 2021.
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